\begin{table}[htbp!] \centering \begin{threeparttable} \caption{Sample characteristics: City features} \begin{tabular} {l c c c c c c c} \toprule & Overall & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Effect size{$>$}median} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{City staff retained} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{Comm. pre-existed} \\ \cmidrule(lr){2-2} \cmidrule(lr){3-4} \cmidrule(lr){5-6} \cmidrule(lr){7-8} Frequency in category (\%) & (1) & (2) No & (3) Yes & (4) No & (5) Yes & (6) No & (7) Yes \\ \hline  \multicolumn{8}{l}{\textit{City characteristics}} \\ %
\hspace{1em}Log(pop) & 13.00 & 12.91 & 13.10 & 12.70 & 13.18 & 12.97 & 13.09 \\
\hspace{1em}Median age of residents & 36.08 & 36.63 & 35.51* & 35.58 & 36.37 & 36.46 & 35.13 \\
\hspace{1em}Median household income & 63348.16 & 62022.38 & 64710.78 & 59824.63 & 65416.33 & 64774.40 & 59816.52 \\
\hspace{1em}Median property value & 329809.59 & 334472.97 & 325016.67 & 277892.59 & 360282.61 & 352273.08 & 274185.71 \\
\hspace{1em}Employed percent & 49.82 & 49.38 & 50.28 & 49.44 & 50.04 & 49.81 & 49.85 \\
\hspace{1em}White non-Hispanic percent & 48.43 & 48.15 & 48.72 & 49.66 & 47.72 & 48.20 & 49.02 \\
\hspace{1em}Tax revenue per capita & 1562.32 & 1717.54 & 1402.80 & 1770.97 & 1439.86 & 1635.43 & 1381.30 \\ \hline
& 73 & 37 & 36 & 27 & 46 & 52 & 21 \\
\bottomrule \end{tabular} \label{tab:sumstats_city} \begin{tablenotes} \footnotesize \item This table reports the average city-level features for trials in the sample. Column 1 shows the sample averages. Columns 2 and 3 partition the sample along the median of the maximum effect size in each trial. Columns 4 and 5 consider separately trials for which all the city collaborators from the trial have departed versus trials that have at least one original staff member still working in the same city department. Columns 6 and 7 distinguish between trials that tested nudges in a new communication and those that added nudges to a pre-existing communication that the city had been sending before the trial. \item *Asterisk indicates that the $ p\text{-value}$ of the difference{$<$}0.05. Standard errors are clustered by city. \end{tablenotes} \end{threeparttable} \end{table}
